By Its Cover #2

December 5, 2009

Having stripped off the old spine coverings and made the cover, it was time to get down to some of the stuff that is hidden when the book is finished. First I glued on new headbands with some blue/silver striped stock. I know that there are lots of ‘proper’ bookbinders out there that will be screaming “No! not fake headbands” at the screen, but these are to replace the old fake ones I removed previously. Headbands were originally part of the binding process and added some extra strength and protection to the book as it was pulled by the spine from a bookshelf. As the manufacturing process became mechanised, stitched headbands were replaced with fake ones like this, sewn to a cotton tape and glued into place. These have no practical function, just a decorative one.

Then a layer of scrim is glued over the spine.

A generous amount of glue is applied, which softens the scrim against the spine. The scrim adds most of strength to the joints between the spine and covers.

A strip of thin craft paper is applied to the glued-up spine. This was cut to size following the measurements taken previously. It is always a good idea to do as much preparation before you start these things as once you begin glueing, you tend to move through the process quite quickly. The paper, headbands and scrim were all measured, cut and ‘offered up’ (held into place to make a visual check that they were correct) before I started gluing.

The paper lining strip was manoeuvred into place by fingertip pressure and then smoothed with a cloth. My trusty bonescorer was then used to burnish, ensuring good contact and adhesion.

The book has to be left to dry fully now.

The next stage will be making and inserting the endpapers, then attaching the cover to the book. Ooh!


By Its Cover

December 3, 2009

It’s time to make a start on re-covering this old science book. I was setting this image up and the texture of the spine reminded me of the bark of London Plane trees. Unfortunately, as good as this texture is, all this loose material needs to come off so that I can attach new stuff.

For the most part, I used the back of a scalpel, and a clean wooden modelling tool to gently prise off the (fake) headbands and peel off the outer surfaces of the previous cover material. I soon ended up with a lot of flakey old paper and a slightly furry spine:

This was lightly rubbed with white spirit to soften the adhesive so further layers could be rubbed off. This left a very thin coating of paper covering the bound edges of the signatures. Further spirit and rubbing would have taken this off, but I had begun to feel the spine loosening a little and decided to seek some advice on the internet. I was trawling through many entries on a bookbinding forum (which will remain anonymous for now until I check out a few more things, as I did read some fairly odd stuff there – not all of it on bookbinding either!) and came across someone who had got as far as I had and then left this remainder on. A few others confirmed that they had too, and it seemed to be a reasonably common ’amateur’ fix. One that would probably make the professionals cringe and throw up their arms in horror. Sorry.

Following the advice on the web, I burnished the remaining layer with a bonefolder to achieve a smooth finish, and gave this a light coat of diluted pva (70:30 pva to water) and put this aside to dry.

The next stage was to cut the cover boards from 3mm greyboard. There was a lot of careful measuring and a bit of ‘guestimation’ here, as the book was old, dog-eared and a bit out of square. I expect that this cover will not be perfect and will be used as a practice to get all the measurements and the production techniques right.

I allowed for 6-8 mm in from the rounded edge of the spine for the Canadian fold, and aimed for a 3mm square (the extended part of the book cover that protects the edge of the book) on three sides. It was a little vague on  the foredge.

I attached a spare bit of buckram to one of the boards with masking tape and positioned the book in place, with the other board positioned on top.

The buckram was then lifted and gently curled around the spine until it was snug, but not tight. More masking tape to secure it in place.

A check now: I tightly gripped the book and covers to make sure they didn’t move (they are not attached to each other yet) and turned it around to make a visual check that everything was aligned.

Laying it back down, I opened it out and put the book to one side. Please note the bottle of Fentimans Curiosity Cola. I think I am becoming addicted to this. It is expensive but, oh boy, does it taste good – just the thing for a Decembers’ evening! (Please note, that this is not an advertisement, but I am open to sponsorship deals!)

It’s measuring time. To any of my students who have ever asked me “what are the measurements?” for anything, please note that measuring is the best way of obtaining this information, rather than relying on someone else, or hoping that the information on a website is correct! After all, where do you think I get my measurements from?

I have a number of rulers, all for different purposes; metal ones for cutting, long ones, short ones, and this handy little clear one from MUJI (again, open to sponsorship!) which is ideal for booky type measuring, as the increments begin from the edge, and are minimally marked with millimetre dashes and perpendicular 1cm spaced fine lines. This image shows the measure of the distance between the two coverboards.

From the sublime to the ridiculous. In order to measure the width of the rounded spine, I laid a strip of buckram over and marked off the width. The measurement was then taken from the strip when laid flat.

Whenever a student asks me whether they need to know any maths to be a graphic designer, the answer will always be yes, but get yourself a good calculator! I’m sure many of my previous students over the last nineteen years will back me up on this, particularly those who ignored my advice and made some spectacular (and expensive) errors!

Once the dimensions of the cover paper have been established, all must be ruled out lightly in pencil. I am using some dark blue buckram for this cover, as it is durable enough for this type of use. Remember, although this is a cherished book from a private collection, it will not need to withstand excessive handling, but because of its size and weight, it will definitely be handled firmly. Why do you think the original covers came off?

A visual check with the cover boards laid out, and the spine measured and cut from a stiff but flexible card. I have decided to add a little detail to the spine by adding some additional strips of card to imitate earlier bindings which was common at the time that this book was published. Fake raised bands can be found on many books dating from the 1800’s to the present day.

Here is a close up showing the thickness of the spine card and an additional raised band. It is worth noting here that I am also teaching myself how to cover books that are properly bound over cords (not faked like this), which this technique imitates. I have made many mistakes. Many.

All the measurements check out so it’s time to assemble everything. First, to apply the glue to the cover paper, thinly but evenly, taking care not to splash too much around and avoid transferring it to the other side.

The edges are turned in and pulled hard, and smoothed out with a cloth. Top and bottom first, and then nipping down the corners before folding over the two sides.

A poor quality image after it had been rubbed and smoothed. What was I thinking? I took at least 4 of each stage! The real cover was much more focussed and better lit than this!

And the inevitable close-up showing the effect of the raised bands.

This book cover is too big to lay flat in my press, so it’s back to the methods that stood me in good stead for at least a year. Two big books, with a good stack of National Geographic magazines on top. Off to bed.

I’ll come back to this in a few days. I am yearning to print and have some linocuts to complete…

ADDITIONAL
Mrs. Lestaret will not let me leave this on the dining room table for a few days. It will be cleared up in the morning!


Reading List

December 2, 2009


Rice’s Architectural Primer by Matthew Rice
The Time Travellers Wife by Audrey Niffenegger
The Heart of the Cobra by Ryszard Kapuscinski (Penguin Great Journeys)
The Shipwrecked Men by Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca (Penguin Great Journeys)
The Piano Tuner by Daniel Mason

and about halfway through
The Shadow of the Wind by Carlos Ruiz Zafón


Playlist

December 2, 2009

An Imaginary Country by Tim Hecker
The Sight Below by Glider
Songs in A&E by Spiritualised
The Heart of Saturday Night, Alice
    and Nighthawks at the Diner by Tom Waits
Sea Songs, Dead Ends and Sleeping Pills by Shoeb Ahmad
Gymnopedies by Erik Satie
The Rise and Fall by Madness
The Raven by The Stranglers
Drums and Wires by XTC
Cheap by Seasick Steve and the Level Devils
Townes, The Revolution Starts…Here,
    Transcendental Blues, I Feel Alright,
    Washington Square Serenade and Train a Comin’
    by Steve Earle
    (following the excellent gig at the Corn Exchange on 7th)
The Elephant in the Room: 3 Commissions by Mira Calix


Bookbinding Project

December 2, 2009

I’ve recently been asked if I could recover this old science book. It’s a lovely old thing, from around the mid-1800’s measuring 247 x 188 x 63mm, without either front and back coverboards and endpapers. The spine is intact though, and retains a lot of old loose material that will need careful removing before any new stuff goes on. The stitching appears sound, which is something; I don’t think I could quite manage a full re-bind at this size yet.

It will take a while to complete, so I intend to log it carefully and post it here in stages. I need to do a little more research before I start stripping back the spine, and buy some new supplies in order to repair the first few pages, which are beginning to tear at the spine as it is being handled without the protection of the coverboards.

I thought I would show some  images of the content as the quality of the engravings is very, very good. Enjoy.

This plate shows a very complex carpet weaving machine which is beautiful in itself, but I particularly like the extravagantly bewhiskered gent and his good lady as she inspects the pattern of the carpet and he tries to suppress his undesirable Victorian urges…

There are pages full of these great little diagrams, surrounded by lots of complicated looking formulae, which to me, looks like a foreign language…

This plate is amazing, with a tiny but elegant inscription.

There are a number of maps too, that fold out and show some beautifully rendered details. Too many to show here, but I could sit and pore over these for hours…

The pages are marbled on the edges, but much of the red/brown colour has faded.

Mmm. Dog-eared! Character.

I’ll soon have it covered.


Printerly.

November 30, 2009

Last wednesday, after a morning introducing the delights of Illustrator’s mesh tool to my first years (Hi guys!) I dashed off campus to catch the 10.59 to King’s Cross. I reached the train doors as it was just starting to move, and hoping that I could make a dramtic leap onto the moving train at the end of the platform (just like in the old movies) I realised that I was a bit hampered by a couple of things. Firstly, as an unfit, overweight forty-one year old, I was seriously not up to the job of chasing a moving train twenty yards, let alone the length of the platform! Secondly, the doors were firmly locked as I furiously jabbed at the button, and lastly, there was a rather large Guard making his way to intercept me.

After a short interval where I recovered and reduced my heartrate to a less dangerous level, and a much longer one as I waited for the 11.59, I considered my plans for the day. This was a rare treat; to head out midweek for a bit of CPD and recharge the old batteries, instead of chasing endless paperwork.

My main reason for going was to attend the Brody lecture, but this being an evening event, that left a good amount of time for some other stuff. I had recently found out about a small exhibition of posters by Alan Kitching and Celia Stothard’s Typography Workshop and was looking forward to seeing some excellent print and typography. I was also planning to catch up with some ex-students who are now working or studying in London, and was anticipating a bit af good warmth humour.

As I was on a different train to what I had set out for, I was surprised to be intercepted by Christian (ex-student, excellent graphic designer, musician, fim-maker and all round good-egg) as I stepped off, and so we immediately made our way south to Advanced Graphics where the Kitching exhibition was.  Surprisingly, we were allowed to take a good many photographs and had a very pleasant chat with the gallery owner Bob Saitch, who was very knowledgable and unsurprisingly well-connected! Both of us wished we could afford to buy one of the prints. Donations welcome…

Here are the best of my images. As the prints were all displayed behind glass, there is some reflection and glare in these, but I think you’ll get the picture. I think Christian may have got some better ones though…

This poster was about A1 and very heavily inked. The white/grey colour you can see in these photos is silver ink. Below is a close up – look at the amount of ink on the inside diagonal stroke of the ’M’ (click to enlarge).

Exquisite textures.

The depth of the overprinted letters can really be seen close up.

And as we left and made our way up to the river through Borough Market we stumbled upon these two billboards under the railway bridge. I was pretty amazed at the co-incindence in the style of what we had just seen in the gallery, and I assumed this was a beautiful coincidence to add some level of importance to the day, but I have since found out that this is indeed Kitching’s work too! (there is a small credit on the second poster) Still beautiful I think – maybe more so!

There are a number of good web articles and portfolios to check out if you are interested. Go be inspired!


What the F…riday!

November 27, 2009

stamphead

Another little eBay splurge! I’m not a stamp collector but after acquiring my own little press, these fellows caught my eye. These are really hi-res scans so you can get into the details a bit.

stamp1 stamp3 stamp4 stamp2

These were issued  on September 29 1976 to commemorate the 500th anniversary of British printing  and William Caxton, who first introduced printing to England, in 1476. He set himself up as a successful merchant in Flanders and translated books into English in his leisure hours and it is likely that he thought of printing as an alternative to having his translations laboriously copied.

I have already stated that I am not a collector, so if any keen philatelists are reading and I have made a mistake, please let me know!


The Burning Question

November 26, 2009

Neville Brody: Genius or W**ker? Was the title of one of this years D&AD Presidents Lectures at Logan Hall, just off Russell Square, London. Following a great day of inspiration, meeting new friends and catching up with old students (more of which, next week) I shuffled my way in to the traditional banked auditorium with a couple of hundred or so other designers, lecturers, students and generally stylish (lots of black and grey polo neck sweaters, thick rimmed spectacles etc) and probably very lovely people. I was a little excited and apprehensive. Let me state this up front. I like Brody. I have since I was a student. My first living inspiration; most of the stuff I had really fallen for as a callow youth was produced in the first part of the twentieth century. My views then are a little biased and I will inevitably write this post with more personal generosity than others will do theirs.

The lecture was presented in a different format this year. Rather than a formal ’show and tell’ style lecture, it was decided to do a ‘Paxman’ style interview of pre-prepared prompts, questions sent in via the Creative Review blog, Twitter and from the audience, all fielded by fellow designer, writer and commentator, Adrian Shaughnessy.

I’m not going to write a blow by blow account here, just share a few thoughts about some of the things that were raised and commented upon. Before I get to the answer of the burning question (that comes at the end, just scroll down and get it over with – next time, go Twitter!) it is fair to point out a few things about the lecture. Firstly, whatever anyone’s decision on whatever Brody is, he is definitely brave.  Following some pretty unpleasant stuff being bandied about in the blogosphere about him, he still went ahead and put himself in front of a large audience of his peers, contemporaries, detractors and acolytes for an unrehearsed question and answer session. I have read one or two comments already posted on various blogs about last nights lecture (and his own,) some good, some lukewarm and others quite critical about the lack of direction in some of his answers. I’m fairly sure that responding to spontaneous questions does not really allow for clarity, so I am less concerned about how unpolished his ‘content’ was.

 

OK. My own take on last night. I think Brody was on the money with a few things. The commercialisation and consumerisation of education by successive governments is definitely not a good thing. What he thought the answer was unclear though – starting again? By whom? The government – no chance, the less they have to do with education the better! The institutions – hmm, I can’t see any of them working together for the common good. The design industry then? I doubt any of them would want to free pitch for the contract! Plus, it would probably be given to the two unpaid interns fresh out of uni as a tester job. And no, I don’t have the answer either.

That designers should employ their conscience in their work. A bit of a no-brainer that one – shouldn’t everybody, no matter what we choose to do for a living?

He also said that “skills are not difficult to learn, but we need to learn what we might do with them.” The process of nurturing creativity, and the individuals approach to how their own skills may be employed have all been largely ignored by educational policies, if still clung on to by isolated teachers and lecturers.

There was some contradiction too, especially when prompted to respond to the price of fame and the unpleasant comments published on the CR blog. He understandably referred to the way that the internet, blogging and Tweeting has allowed for (and possibly encourages) ungoverned personal attacks on individuals, without experiencing the consequences (would you say the same things to his face in a pub?) but on several occasions made his own personal attacks on a range of politicians in this public forum, without him having to experience the consequences. I am currently trying to arrange a meeting between Brody and David Cameron in a back room in Northern Working Mens Club, tickets available from all the usual outlets!

I was also puzzled by his statement that it is the duty of all graphic designers to learn all of the skills sets. I am in agreement that we should  be grounded in a range of skills, but if we have to learn to do everything, we would lose those who would become specialists; those who do fewer things and do them much better, or differently, as a result. These are usually the people we admire and aspire to – those that raise the bar for the rest of us, just like Brody did, way back when.

It is crazy that todays young designers need to be experts in twenty different software platforms, understand the complexities and idiosyncracies of the rapidly changing commercial print process, as well as speaking fluent HTML. Come on, get real!

I was a little discomfited by his comment about the decline of popular culture for him, started with the pop group Haircut 100. All music has been driven by marketing – it is just more explicit now I guess. People don’t seem to mind that their ’stars’ have been market tested to within an inch of their gossamer thin veneers. Times change, and very few of us like it when they do. How many ‘comebacks’ did Elvis do? Is it any different now that Robbie Williams has said ok to a Take That reunion? The Beatles, The Sex Pistols, Public Enemy, Eminem all had/have their ‘machines’ to maintain, promote and maximise revenue streams.

There is always a level of nostalgia connected with music, particularly if ‘we were there when it happened.’ Brody was just lucky that the post-punk music scene was what it was. As a lot of it emerged from art schools and those longing for more than the aesthetic desperation of the late 1970’s and early 80’s, lots of new things were emerging visually to represent it. Brody should thank his parents for the foresight to conceive at the right moment to put him in that exact place in time. So what if the music industry is safe and crap now? It’s not the end, as Brody himself has proved. Designers have to adapt and contribute to change, or fall into that old camp of ‘it was better in my day.’

 

In my day, lectures were not influenced by battery life. Nor did they allow for halfwits to try and arrange workshops with him at their university (the fact that he was visiting lecturer at the institution is question must have been painfully embarrasing for the lecturer who was also present) and the third years complaining that they didn’t get enough time with their lecturers (a real problem I know, but is this the forum?), but if you are going to give anyone a turn, well, you have to expect that sort of thing.

 

Genius, w**ker, or confused? (bad pun, I know) Perhaps a more honest approach could have been sought – more cards that may have read ORDINARY, HONEST, PASSIONATE, CONCERNED, RESIGNED, SELF-IMPORTANT, LUCKY or all of the above.

So my verdict then. A bit of both. I like people who are not afraid of having an opinion. Being able to communicate that opinion is a fundamental right of democracy. We don’t have to like it. We can choose. We also shouldn’t take ourselves too seriously.

It is not important what Neville Brody says and thinks. What is important is what we say and think.

But we do need to listen to those with experience – it is the primary act of learning. But we need to listen to a range of them and think about what they say and think, distill it, question it and argue about it with others (if they’ll listen!) before deciding whether to adopt it, modify it, reject it or forget about it. It is our choice. Brody was there to answer questions and give his opinions on things and he did just that, whatever we think about it. Don’t have a go at him though or it may result in a fat lip. The photo below is my favourite. Remember, what is printed on the other side of the card and is been shown to Brody. I guess it all depends on where you sit.

Just for fun then.
I did get the feeling that at times, Brody wondered what he had got himself into, and I got a good shot of him collecting his thoughts. What else may have been going through his mind?

Save this image and insert your own caption. Please rename it in this format smithjohncaption.jpg (obviously using your own name!) or .png or .gif  and email them to me for inclusion. If you are sending more than one image, please add a number to them also.  Please note that if you are sending me images, then you are giving me your consent to publish them on the web. Don’t send them if you don’t want them uploading. These images will only be used for this purpose. Lets not be nasty too. Leave that sort of thing to the CR Blog!

I’ll pick a winner before Christmas and I’ll custom make a unique sketchbook for the winner. Best of luck, and pass the word around…


Type Swears

November 21, 2009

“Type Swears” © 2009 Lestaret

Is a set of limited edition hand—printed postcards of linocut letterforms that will allow you to express yourself typographically and acceptably, even in polite company.

Using the two asterisk cards good, old−fashioned expletives such as F**K, W**K, S**T, P**S and C**T are all easily created. There is even an extra ‘T’ so that you can also make T**T!  Swearing has never been so much fun!

Insult family, friends—and your boss—elegantly and exclusively.

This is what I’ve been doing in there!

 

Each pack contains 10 postcards on 190gsm matt white stock, with the letters F, K, W, S, P, C, two T’s and two *’s, all bundled up in a special ‘Lestaret’ screenprinted paper wrapper!

There are 4 digitally printed background colours and as each pack will contain a different combination of these colours along with the variations you would expect from this type of hand printing, each pack will be truly unique.

There are only 16 packs available, each numbered to indicate their exclusivity.

“But where can I get hold of a pack of Type Swears?” I hear you say. Well, click on this link to my online shop, where you can purchase your very own set – a great gift for the typoholic in your life this Christmas, or as a little treat for yourself – you’re worth it!


Hand Printed

November 20, 2009

I’ve been experimenting with my press and trying to work out if I can get a good, clean, consistent print with crisp edges. I have done quite a few prints now (not all recorded here) and have been pleased with many of the results, but have, by my own admission, just been playing at it and enjoying the process and the fact that I can do this at home. I have been just as happy with the under-inked, over-pressed, thumb-printed prints as I have with the nice clean ones, as I like the ‘printerly’ element, where the process is evident in the artifact.

This time I decided to be a little more systematic, cut a more complex image that tested out a number of elements. What I wanted to achieve (or try to) was to get a couple of prints that had all of the following:
1. a solid area black area
2. a solid white area with no cutting marks showing
3. thin lines/detail of deep and shallow cuts
4. clean edges

The first prints were under inked, or were not subjected to enough pressure. They were quite clean and reasonably dark in tone, which allowed me judge the inking and how much ‘pull’ to put on the press as I went on. This one is the first one, and the lightest:

As usual, these images can all be viewed larger by clicking on them. The prints got progressively darker and ‘flatter, with more black tone and plenty of clarity in the details, but I wasn’t being terribly consistent in the inking up of the block, particularly around the edges.

 

Again, I quite like this effect of the edge breaking up for the reasons mentioned before, but I really wanted to get a solid black and white image. A more generous inking this time, being careful not to ‘fill’ the shallow cuts and lose any detail. I was also aware that too much pressure can force ink outward from under the block and spread the image. I had just about worked out the right amount of ‘pull’ but didn’t want to mess up as I felt that I was getting close. I succeeded in getting a really good black this time and was really excited, but noticed a patch on the thumb that I handn’t inked properly!

The air turned blue.

Yep. That blue. Good job the kids were in bed. A clean, crisp print, that I had not inked up fully. Mad as I was that I had missed abit, I was encouraged by the general quality everywhere else.  The next print showed that I could ink up the block properly (!) but in doing so I had put some ink into the white area of the cup. As I was printing onto stiff card and the surface of the lino had been cut reasonably deep and smoothed out, I didn’t think it would pick up, so went ahead:

Again, a good clean print – this was going well, but the ink in the cup had transferred lightly to the card. This is not a real problem, and these types of mark are often sought in linocutting, but I had a very clear end result I was aiming for. I considered cleaning the block and trying again in a few days, but felt I had come so close, so I tore a small bit of parcel paper to roughly the size of the area of the cup and stuck it to the ink that was already on there!

The next two prints were spot on. Careful inking (learn from ones mistakes!) and consistent pressure, along with a steady supply of baby wipes to keep my hands clean – I was picking up the block by the edges, which were largely inked – and I didn’t want a thumbprint or a smudge as I was transferring in and out of the press. The next image is photographed just as the previous ones for comparison, but the one after is a scan that is slightly larger than the 150 x100mm actual size.

In summary, I did just nine prints and got two that I felt achieved what I originally set out to do. I also enjoyed the process (despite the frustration in the middle!) and learned quite a lot about how to use my press, as I guess all small hand presses will have their own tolerances and quirks. I also developed my own approach to inking and printing, which I believe will allow me to improve  the results each time I do this. I have also decided to get a bit more ambitious too; I have a couple more images of hands I want to do in black and white first to make this into a small series. After that I think I’ll do a bit of reduction cutting, where the image is overprinted in another colour after re-cutting into the block. Eventually, the block is ‘reduced’ to print on the last colour. Needs plenty of time, and I need to consider how I will register up the prints each time! I can feel several more Pantone shades of blue coming on!